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IMMISem - Input data

To calculate emissions, IMMISem takes into account the following basic input data:
  • Emission factors for a selection of relevant road types or traffic conditions in the city 
  • Motor vehicle fleets of Germany for the years 1995-2030 
  • A cold start model for three different road properties or road functions, that can be used in any combination with traffic conditions 
  • a model for the dynamic consideration of Stop&Go of the traffic flow

In addition following factors are considered:

  • PM10, PM2,5 emissions incl. resuspended dust and tire and break wear
  • Consideration of the tire wear for the particle and soot regulation
  • Definition of driving bans for different vehicle types and concepts (environmental zone)
  • Consideration of air conditioners
  • Calculation BaP

The calculation of emissions of a individual street segment requires the following data specifing the traffic

  • Traffic condition and road function
  • Road function for cold start
  • Specification for the Stop&Go proportion or the capacity of the road 
  • gradient 
  • Average daily traffic (DTV) 
  • Proportions of motorcycles, heavy and light commercial motor vehicles as well as regular buses of the DTV

PM10 emissions incl. resuspended dusts and tire and brake wear  
According to the current level of knowledge a major contribution to traffic induced PM10 emissions consists of resuspended dusts and tire and break wear in addition to vehicle exhaust. Thus, two state-of-the-art methods to model the additional PM10 emissions have been integrated into IMMISem

  • PM10-AWAR emission factors of D?ring 2004 have been attached to the traffic situation of HBEFA and due to the estimation of Friedrich (2010) reduced by 1/6
  • The second method is based on a BUWAL approach employing emission factors (see the BUWAL report "Measures for reduction of PM10 emissions" 2001) 

Choose either one of the methods for individual configuration.

Soot emissions incl. tire wear 
Comparing measurements an modeling results of soot concentrations in street canyons shows that there is a difference when only exhaust emission is used for calculating soot concentrations. An extending "tire wear" module is available that takes into account that the measured soot concentration also consists of tire wear. Based on the latest publications IMMISem  calculates additional soot concentrations because of tire wear.